Labthrift Labthrift What to buy. What to skip. Why.

Written 4 Sep 2026. This is a how-to, not a product card.

Boot the old PC from the USB stick

Plug in the installer stick, open the one-time boot menu, and pick the USB. Dell F12, HP Esc then F9, Lenovo F12. Don't dig through every BIOS screen tonight.

Haven't written the stick yet? Start with make a boot USB for the install. Still picking Debian or Ubuntu Server? See what OS to put on it. This note is only the boot step: get the old PC to start from that stick once, then the installer takes over.

Skip until the stick is ready

If Etcher or Rufus has not finished writing the ISO, stop. A half-written stick fails quietly. You need a keyboard and a screen on the old PC for this step. A headless Marketplace box still needs a monitor for the first install. Skip changing the permanent boot order tonight. The one-time boot menu is enough.

What this is

Every PC can start from the internal disk, or from a USB stick, for one power-on. The boot menu is that short list. You pick the USB, the installer loads, and next reboot goes back to the internal disk unless you install. You are not rewriting the BIOS for fun.

What you need

Marketplace Windows still on the disk? Fine for this step. Wipe during install: wipe a Marketplace PC before you install. Leave house ethernet unplugged until the wipe or fresh install is done if that box still has someone else's Windows.

Plug the stick in first

Power the computer off. Plug the stick into a USB port on the back of a desktop when you can — those ports are usually simpler. On a laptop, try a USB-A port on the machine itself before a hub. Then power on and start tapping the brand key below. Fast Boot can skip past a slow tap, so mash early and often.

One-time boot keys by brand

Pick the row that matches the badge on the case. Keys vary a little by year. If the first key does nothing, try the backup, or open Setup with Del / F2 and look for a Boot Menu / Boot Override line.

BrandBoot menuNotes
Dell (OptiPlex, Latitude)F12Common on Marketplace office PCs. Pick the USB UEFI entry when you see both.
HP (EliteDesk, ProDesk, ProBook)Esc, then F9Esc opens a menu. F9 is Boot Device Options. Some older boxes use F9 alone.
Lenovo (ThinkCentre, ThinkPad)F12Some ThinkPads want Enter first, then F12. Novo button on tiny desktops can open the same menu.
ASUSEscF8 on some boards. Setup is often Del or F2.
AcerF12F12 may need enabling once in Setup. Setup is usually F2.
Microsoft SurfaceVolume-down + powerHold volume-down, press power, keep holding volume until the boot screen. USB-C stick or hub that the Surface likes.
Other / unknownEsc, F10, F11, or F12Watch the splash screen. It often prints the key for one second. Setup (Del / F2) has a Boot tab if the menu never appears.

Pick the USB line

In the list you want the stick, not the internal hard disk, not the network boot (PXE / IPv4), not a second empty USB. Names look like UEFI: Kingston DataTraveler, USB HDD, or the stick brand. Prefer a line that says UEFI when both UEFI and Legacy / USB appear. Arrow keys, Enter.

Ubuntu Server or Debian should show their installer menu in under a minute. That is success. Continue the install weekend from there: your first weekend.

If the stick is missing from the list

If it boots, then says the disk is locked or Secure Boot blocked it

Official Ubuntu Server and current Debian live/installer images are signed for Secure Boot on most house PCs. A random remix ISO may not be. Re-download from the official pages linked in make a boot USB. Turning Secure Boot off is a last resort for tonight, not homework. If Windows BitLocker asks for a recovery key on a Marketplace box, you are not unlocking their Windows — wipe the whole disk in the installer instead: wipe a Marketplace PC before you install.

What this is not

This is not a full BIOS rewrite. It is not a reason to buy a new mini PC because F12 felt scary. It is not Ventoy homework. It is one power-on from the stick you already made.

What next

Installer on screen: keep going with your first weekend (name, user, SSH checkbox, ethernet after install). Marketplace disk still full of old Windows? Wipe during that install: wipe a Marketplace PC before you install. Stick not written yet? Make a boot USB for the install.

Skip

Sources

Ubuntu: install Ubuntu Server. Debian: booting the installer on amd64. Dell: one-time boot menu. Brand support pages only for the key chart. For the flash step, see make a boot USB for the install. For the weekend install, see your first weekend.

Also on this topic

Make a boot USB for the installWrite Ubuntu Server or Debian onto a USB stick so the old PC can boot the installer. Use Etcher or Rufus. Don't drag the ISO into a folder. Wipe a Marketplace PC before you installA used OptiPlex may still have the last owner's Windows and logins. Wipe the disk with the installer before you plug it into the house network. Your first weekendInstall the OS, name it, and reach it from the couch. Don't buy anything this weekend. What OS to put on itDebian or Ubuntu Server if you can dedicate the old PC. Leave Windows if you still use the laptop as a laptop. Start with what you already haveDon't buy anything yet. Old laptop first, or a retired OptiPlex from Marketplace.